Sima Xiangru was a gifted scholar during the Western Han Dynasty, adept at fencing, playing the zither, and especially skilled in poetry and prose. His talents were highly appreciated by Emperor Wu, who kept him as an official.

At that time, Tang Meng, the prefect of Poyang, was overseeing the construction of the southwest Shu Road. Tang Meng conscripted many commoners and even executed some of their leaders, which caused widespread panic and unrest among the people of Bashu, leading to a rebellion.

When Emperor Wu learned of this, he immediately dispatched Sima Xiangru to pacify the populace. To provide a clear explanation to the people of Bashu, Emperor Wu also instructed Sima Xiangru to write a public proclamation.

Sima Xiangru drafted the document as commanded, including a passage that read: "It is rightful to mobilize laborers and soldiers for road construction, but unsettling the people was never His Majesty's intention. When soldiers go to battle, they should advance bravely towards blades and arrowheads, never looking back (this is the meaning of 'Yi Bu Fan Gu'), preferring death to turning and fleeing. You should consider the long-term, address the nation's difficulties, and fulfill your duties as subjects."

Sima Xiangru handled the situation masterfully; the unrest was quickly suppressed, and the road construction proceeded smoothly. Emperor Wu was extremely pleased with Sima Xiangru's effective management and appointed him as Zhonglangjiang (Palace Grandee/Chamberlain for Attendants) to assist him.