During the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan, a Censor Grandee, was demoted to the governor of Liuzhou due to his past errors. He eventually died in Liuzhou, feeling dejected and unfulfilled.

Han Yu, a renowned literary figure and a close friend, was indignant at the petty individuals who had slandered Liu Zongyuan with malicious gossip. To express his outrage and seek justice for his friend, Han Yu composed an epitaph that profoundly exposed those who had taken advantage of Liu Zongyuan's misfortune to inflict further harm. He also used this opportunity to warn the world to be wary of those who, despite outwardly swearing sincerity and openness, would betray or harm others in times of difficulty, much like throwing stones at someone already in a trap.