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During the Spring and Autumn period, King Shoumeng of the State of Wu planned to attack the State of Chu. He strictly forbade his ministers from expressing any dissenting opinions.
A minister's son, upon hearing this, took his slingshot to the royal garden to hunt birds.
When King Shoumeng asked him what he was doing, the son replied that he was watching a mantis trying to catch a cicada on a tree, while a yellow oriole was waiting right behind the mantis, ready to eat it.
Realizing that his own situation was dangerously similar to that of the mantis, being focused on one target while a greater threat was poised to strike from behind, King Shoumeng wisely canceled his plan to attack Chu.

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Open the tool →黄雀伺蝉 (huáng què sì chán) is a Chinese idiom (chengyu) meaning “to be so engrossed in pursuing an immediate objective or dealing with a smaller threat that one is completely oblivious to a greater danger lurking behind; a metaphor for lacking foresight and being unaware of imminent peril”.
黄雀伺蝉 is pronounced huáng què sì chán in Mandarin Chinese.
Literally, 黄雀伺蝉 means “Yellow oriole stalks cicada”. It is used to mean “to be so engrossed in pursuing an immediate objective or dealing with a smaller threat that one is completely oblivious to a greater danger lurking behind; a metaphor for lacking foresight and being unaware of imminent peril”.
黄雀伺蝉 comes from a classical Chinese story dating back to ancient China. The full story is on this page.
螳螂正要捉蝉,不知黄雀在它后面正要吃它。比喻祸事临头还不知道。