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During the Five Dynasties period, Shi Jingtang rose in rebellion against the Tang dynasty. He was then enthroned as the 'Child Emperor' of Jin by Yelu Deguang, the Khitan King.
After Shi Jingtang's death, his son Shi Chongguang succeeded him, becoming Emperor Chu.
In 944, the Khitan invaded Jin. Emperor Chu led his army to resist, but they were defeated.
Empress Dowager Li wrote a letter of surrender, pleading with 'Emperor A-weng' (a deferential term for the Khitan ruler, implying a father-son or subordinate relationship) to spare their lives, emphasizing that her words were absolute and could not be retracted.

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Open the tool →儿皇帝 (ér huáng dì) is a Chinese idiom (chengyu) meaning “a puppet ruler or a leader who is subservient to a more powerful external authority, often established and maintained by a foreign power”.
儿皇帝 is pronounced ér huáng dì in Mandarin Chinese.
Literally, 儿皇帝 means “Child Emperor”. It is used to mean “a puppet ruler or a leader who is subservient to a more powerful external authority, often established and maintained by a foreign power”.
儿皇帝 comes from a classical Chinese story dating back to ancient China. The full story is on this page.
五代时期石敬瑭勾结契丹建立后晋,对契丹主自称儿皇帝。后泛指投靠外国,建立傀儡政权的统治者